Acid in Soda

try 5 The Quantitative Determination of an Acid in Carbonated Beverages Thomas Canfield Kelly Caddell Chemistry 144B T. A. Brock Marvin 15 October 2012 Methods cardinal seltzers containing citric acid were investigated in this experiment. Each tonic was titrated using one of the two experimental methods. These methods be the handed-down titration and the modern titration. Carbonic acid was already removed from the seltzer by boiling it. both of the two different titration methods use the same basic set up. Firstly, the buret moldiness be cleaned good with tap water. While cleaning the buret, it is also checked to make sure there are no leaks.The ring stand is hence set up with a buret clamp and the cleaned buret pose in it. Then the buret is filled with 5-10mL of sodium hydroxide, M . 0466 NaOH, tether times and emptied subsequently severally time to completely rinse the buret. The buret is now filled will NaOH until it reads at the 0. 00mL mark on the buret. The initial book of account of NaOH in the buret is then recorded into lab books for future reference. The soda must now be readied for titration. Both sodas require the same set up. The correct amount of soda, depending on which titration, is poured into a 100mL graduated cylinder.This measurement had to be within 5% deviation of the given value to be legitimate. Next, after the initial volume of the soda was recorded for future calculations, distilled water was added up to the 100mL mark on the cylinder. The immix event was then put into a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask. That is as far as the similarities between the two titration methods go. In order to prepare the first soda for the traditional titration, five drops of phenolphthalein dye are added to the soda water solution in the flask. Next, the tip of the buret was placed over top of the soda solution.NaOH solution was added at approximately 2mL increments. The dye will create a pink color that disappears when mixed. When the titration did not disappear, NaOH was no longer added. The final volume of NaOH in the buret was recorded. 4mL was then subtracted from this number and the number received from that was the volume of NaOH that was quickly added each time for a more accurate titration. Another trial was then nimble by refilling the buret to 0. 00mL and the flask was rinsed out. A new soda solution was added to the flask by following the previous instructions.This time the volume of NaOH that could be quickly added was added to the soda solution. After this volume was added, drops of NaOH were then added to the solution continuously until the solution once again remained pink. The volume of NaOH was recorded in the notebook. This procedure for the traditional and accurate titration was repeated trio additional times for a total of iv accurate titrations. wholly selective information was recorded. The ratio of NaOH to citric acid was then mensural in the notebook for each of the four accurate titrations. Using the volume of NaOH and the mebibyte of NaOH, the number of moles was rig.Then using the stoichiometry of the reaction, the number of moles of citric acid was found for each trial. The mean and standard deviation was then calculated for the molarity of citric acid. The modern titration employ a pH electrode and the LabQuest doohickey to record accurate titrations. After the LabQuest artifice was set up correctly, the soda and the NaOH were prepared as in the traditional titration experiment except the soda was placed in a beaker instead of a flask. Using a utility clamp and a stand, the pH electrode was suspended ripe above the bottom of the beaker.Then the magnetic stir bar was added to stir the soda solution evenly. For these titrations the volume of the NaOH was entered into the LabQuest device during the titration. NaOH was added to the solution until the pH reached 6. 0. NaOH was then added very carefully, drops at a time, until the pH reached about 10. 0. During the tit ration, the volume of NaOH was entered into the LabQuest device every time the pH level raised 0. 2 pH. The device stores the entered data and records it on a chart. This process of titration was repeated two more times for a total of three accurate titrations.The data stored in the device was then transferred to a computer and saved. The charts and data collected can be found on the last page. The volume of NaOH used to reach the equivalence point was calculated for each of the three titrations. The equivalence point was found graphically. Using the volume of NaOH and the molarity of NaOH, the moles of NaOH were calculated. Using the volume of the soda used, the molarity of citric acid was found. Then the mean and standard deviation of the molarity of citric acid was calculated. Results In the traditional titration, the recorded data is shown in the following chart instrument panel 1 Volume of soda Volume of NaOH RatioNaOHsoda MolesNaOH MolesCitric acid MolarityCitric acid Titrati on1 40. 00mL 19. 00mL . 475 8. 85* 10-4 2. 95* 10-4 7. 375*10-3 Titration2 40. 00mL 19. 00mL . 466 8. 85* 10-4 2. 95* 10-4 7. 23*10-3 Titration3 40. 80mL 19. 00mL . 469 8. 85* 10-4 2. 95* 10-4 7. 28*10-3 Titration4 40. 10mL 19. 02mL . 474 8. 86* 10-4 2. 95* 10-4 7. 36*10-3 From the data in Table 1, the mean and standard deviation was calculated for the molarity of citric acid Mean molarity of citric acid 7. 31*10-3 Standard Deviation 6. 837*10-5In the modern titration, the recorded data is shown for the three trials in the tables below Table 2 Table 3Table 4 The data in tables 2-4 was entered separately into three different graphs shown below Graph 1 tryout 1 Graph 1b differential gear of graph 1 shown Graph 2 Trail 2 Graph 3 Trial 3 From tables 2-4 and analyzing graphs 1-3, the volume of NaOH used to reach the Equivalence point was calculated. Trial 1 11. 86mL Trial 2 11. 28mL Trial 3 11. 40mL Using the volume of NaOH and the concentration of NaOH (. 0466M) the molarity of NaOH wa s calculated to four significant figures Trial 1 5. 527*10-4Trial 2 5. 257*10-4 Trial 3 5. 312*10-4 Using the stoichiometry of the reaction between citric acid and sodium hydroxide, the moles of citric acid was found to four significant figures Trial 1 1. 842*10-4 Trial 2 1. 752*10-4 Trial 3 1. 771*10-4 From the moles of citric acid, the molarity was then calculated to four significant figures Trial 1 9. 211*10-3 Trial 2 8. 761*10-3 Trial 3 8. 854*10-3 The mean and standard deviation were then calculated for the moles of citric acid in the try of soda used again to four significant figures Mean 8. 942*10-3 Standard Deviation 2. 376*10-4